Ndeipi Solar Sisitimu, Mapuraneti muSolar System uye Nzvimbo dzeMapurani

Chii chinonzi Solar System? Ruzivo NezveSolar System
Kunyange zvazvo zera chairo rezuva risingazivikanwe, rinofungidzirwa kuti rave nemakore anoda kusvika mabhiriyoni mashanu. Kana tikatarisa zvinhu zviri mukati maro, tinoona kuti zvinouya pamwechete kubva kuhelium nehydrogen gasi. Huremu hwayo hunopeta 5 332.000 kupfuura kureba kwenyika. Nhambwe iri pakati penyika yedu nezuva yakayerwa se149.500.000 25 600. Zuva, iro rinopa simba guru, rinopedza kutenderera kwaro mukati memazuva 6.000 chete. Sezvo mamiriyoni 1.5 ehydrogen pasekondi inoshandurwa kuita helium, tembiricha ye8 C inoitika. Maererano nefungidziro yakaitwa nemasayendisiti panguva ino, tembiricha yakaumbwa pakati inosvika miriyoni XNUMX C. Zvinotora anenge maminitsi masere kuti mwaranzi yezuva isvike panyika.

Chii chinonzi Solar System?

Kunyange zvazvo zuva richionekwa nevakawanda senyika, inyeredzi. Kune mapuraneti 9 nemiti mizhinji yemuchadenga mune mamwe maitiro akatenderedza zuva. Mapuraneti ari muzuva, zvichiteerana; Iwo ndiwo Mercury, Venus, Earth, Mars, Jupiter, Saturn, Uranus, Neptune. Muchokwadi, Pluto, iyo yakawanikwa muna 2006, yakabatanidzwawo mune iyi rondedzero. Asi Pluto akazonzi ipuraneti diki. Iriwo pakati pezvakafanotaurwa kuti kune nyeredzi dzisingaverengeki mugadziriro yezuva pamwe chete nemapuraneti aya. Iyo solar system chikamu cheMilky Way Galaxy. Zvinofungidzirwa kuti kune 90 bhiriyoni nyeredzi muMilky Way Galaxy, 100% yacho inofungidzirwa kuti yakakura yezuva. Icho chiri pakati peaya anofungidzirwa kuti ane pedyo ne1 trillion mapuraneti muMilky Way Galaxy chete.
Matumbi ese emuchadenga nemapuraneti akatenderedza zuva rinotenderera mune imwe nzira yekutenderera nekuda kwesimba rinokwevera rezuva.

Mapuraneti ari muSolar System

Panguva yekudzidza kwemapuraneti ari muzuva, anoongororwa muzvikamu zviviri zvakasiyana segasi uye pasi. Mapuraneti ane chimiro chepasi; Iyo iri muchimiro cheMercury, Venus, Earth uye Mars. Mapuraneti ane gaseous structure ndiwo; Jupiter, Saturn, Uranus uye Pluto. Hunhu hwemapuraneti ari musolar system ndeaya anotevera:
Mercury: Mercury ndiyo nyika iri pedyo nezuva, sezvo iri makiromita mamiriyoni 58 kubva kuzuva. Nekuda kwekuswedera kwaro kuzuva, zvinoonekwa kuti tembiricha yepamusoro inogona kusvika ku450C. Kukweva kweMercury i1/3 yesimba rinokweva repasi.
Venus: Venus, nyika yechipiri padyo nezuva, iri makiromita mamiriyoni 108.4 kubva kuzuva. Kana radius yaro ikaongororwa, unoona kuti mativi ayo anenge akaenzana nepasi. Inopedza kutenderera kwayo kutenderera zuva mumazuva 225 uye inotenderera ichienda kune rimwe divi remamwe mapuraneti.
nyika: Nhambwe iri pakati peNyika nezuva, inova pasi rechitatu riri pedyo nezuva, makiromita 149 miriyoni. Kufara kwenyika makiromita 12. Inopedza kutenderera kwayo kutenderera zuva mumazuva 756, maawa mashanu nemaminitsi makumi mana nemasere. Inopedza kutenderera kwayo yakatenderedza axis yayo mumaawa makumi maviri nematatu 365 maminetsi nemasekonzi mana. Inogadzira husiku nemasikati nekuda kwekutenderera kwayo, uye inogadzira mwaka nekutenderera kwayo kutenderera zuva.
Mars: Nhambwe iri pakati peMars nezuva, inova pasi rechina riri pedyo nezuva, makiromita angangoita mamiriyoni 208. Iine simba rinokwevera pasi rinosvika makumi mana kubva muzana (gravity) yepasi uye radius yaro inosvika zviuru zvitatu nemazana matatu nemakumi manomwe nenomwe zvemakiromita. Inopedza kutenderera kwayo kutenderera zuva mumaawa makumi maviri nemana nemaminitsi makumi matatu nemanomwe.
Jupiter: Tinogona kutaura kuti Jupiter ndiyo nyika huru inozivikanwa mune solar system, ine hafu-yezera ye71 zviuru 550 makiromita. Jupiter inopeta ne 310 ukuru hwepasi redu. Chinhambwe chayo kubva kuzuva makiromita 778. Inopedza kutenderera kwayo kutenderera zuva mumakore gumi nemaviri uye inopedza kutenderera kwayo muaxis yayo mumaawa gumi.
Saturn: Nechinhambwe chayo chemakiromita mabhiriyoni 1.4 kubva kuzuva, iri pachinhanho chechitanhatu mukutevedzana kwedaro kubva kuzuva. Inosanganisira hydrogen uye helium. Nharaunda yepasi ndeye 60 makiromita. Kunyange ichipedza kutenderera kwayo mumaawa gumi, inopedza kutenderera kwayo kutenderera zuva mumakore 398. Saturn ine mhete yakagadzirwa nematombo nechando.
Uranus: Chinhambwe cheUranus, inova nyika iri padyo nePasi, kubva kuzuva inosvika mabhiriyoni maviri nemazana masere emakiromita. Tinoona kuti yakakura zvakapetwa ka2.80 kupfuura pasi pano paukuru. Inopedza kutenderera kwayo kutenderera zuva mumakore makumi masere nemana. Inoumbwa nekubatanidzwa kwehelium, hydrogen uye methane gasi.
Neptune: Pachinhambwe chemakiromita mabhiriyoni 4.5 kubva kuzuva, inyika yechisere kuresa kubva kuzuva. Kunyange ichipedza kutenderera kwayo kutenderera zuva mumakore 164, inopedza kutenderera kwayo mumaawa 17. Maererano nezvinozivikanwa, ine 13 satellites.
Pluto: Nechinhambwe chemakiromita mabhiriyoni matanhatu kubva kuzuva, iri pakati pemapuraneti ari kure zvikuru. Pluto inopedza kutenderera kwayo kutenderera zuva mumakore mazana maviri nemakumi mashanu uye inopedza kutenderera kwayo kutenderera kwayakaita mumazuva matanhatu, maawa mapfumbamwe nemaminitsi gumi nemanomwe. Inoumbwa neaizi uye methane, iyo pamusoro payo yakaomeswa nechando.

Hunhu hwemapuraneti muSolar System

Mapuraneti ari muchadenga ane mamwe maitiro. Pakati pezvivakwa izvi, tataura muchidimbu kwauri mune tsananguro dzemapuraneti. Zvimwe zvemapuraneti ndeizvi:
Mapuraneti ese ane kumhanya kwakasiyana kwekutenderera.
Mapuraneti ese ane elliptical. Iwe unogona zvakare kuona kuti kutenderera kwemapuraneti kunopindirana, kunyangwe iwo kutenderera kwevelocities kwakasiyana.
Mapuraneti anotenderera ese ari maviri kutenderera zuva uye kutenderedza axis yawo kubva kumadokero kuenda kumabvazuva.
-Nyika huru iJupiter, uye diki diki iPluto.
Nyika iri pedyo nezuva iMercury. Nyika iri kure kwazvo inozivikanwa inofungidzirwa kuva Pluto.
Zvinozivikanwa kuti Venus ndiyo nyika iri padyo nePasi zvese mu radius uye chinhambwe.
Mercury neVenus havana mwedzi. Nyika ine mwedzi mumwe, Mars neNeptune ine mwedzi miviri, Uranus ine mwedzi mitanhatu, Saturn ine gumi nemwedzi uye Jupiter ine gumi nemiviri.
Kutenderera kwemapuraneti kunoenzana nekureba kwawo kubva kuzuva.

Chii chinonzi Satellite yeZuva?

Takakuudzai kuti zuva inyeredzi. Solar system ine zuva, mapuraneti anoritenderera, uye mwedzi yemapuraneti aya. Muchikamu chino tinoona kuti vamwe vanofunga kuti pasi kana mwedzi isatellite yezuva. Chinhu chakadaro hachisi chokwadi. Nyika ipuraneti, kwete setiraiti. Mwedzi ndiyo satellite yenyika.

Satellite yeMapuraneti muSolar System

Tataura kuti mwedzi yemapuraneti inoitikawo mugadziriro yezuva. Mapuraneti nemwedzi yawo ndeaya anotevera:
-Mercury: Iyo haina satellite.
-Venus: Iyo haina satellite.
nyika: Satellite yayo ndiyo Mwedzi. Mwedzi une zita rekuve rechishanu pakukura setiraiti mumhepo yezuva. Tikatarisa dhayamita yaro, tinoona kuti i27% yedhayamita yepasi. Simba regiravhiti riri pamwedzi i6/1 yesimba rinokwevera zvinhu pasi. Ndosaka munhu anorema 60 kg munyika ari 10 kg pamwedzi.
Mars: Mars ine mwedzi miviri. Aya ma satellite ndeaya anotevera:
- Phobos: Kureba kwayo kubva kuMars makiromita zviuru zvitanhatu. Ndiyo imwe yemadiki madiki echisikigo setiraiti mu solar system. Vane crater structure uye havataridzike seMwedzi zvachose.
-Deimos: Kutaura idi, zvose zviri zviviri mwedzi uyu nePhobos zvinofungidzirwa kuva mwedzi netsaona chete, kupinda musimba rinokweva reMars. Kureba kwayo kubva kuMars kuri pamwero wemakiromita zviuru makumi maviri. Iyo dhayamita yesatellite inosvika zviuru gumi nezvitatu zvemakiromita.
Jupiter: Jupiter ine mwedzi mina. Aya ma satellites ndeaya anotevera:
-Io Satellite: Ndiwo mwedzi uri pedyo neJupiter. Pane makomo anoputika pasetiraiti anogara achibudisa gasi nemabota.
-Europa Satellite: Ndiwo mwedzi wechipiri uri padyo neJupiter. Iine makore emakiromita 3000.
-Ganymede Satellite:  Ndiwo mwedzi wechitatu uri pedyo neJupiter. Ndiyo satelliti hombe pane solar system.
-Callisto Satellite: Ndiwo mwedzi mukuru wechipiri weJupiter uye uri kure kure neJupiter.
Saturn: Saturn ine mwedzi mitatu. Aya ma satellites ndeaya anotevera:
-Titan Mwedzi: Ndiwo mwedzi wechipiri pakukura kwezuva. Iine mhepo yakakora.
-Rhea Mwedzi: Yakagadziriswa paSaturn kungofanana nemwedzi. Iine chimiro chekare.
-Minas Satellite: Yakawanikwa naWilliam Herschel muna 1789. Crater yakaumbwa pairi nekuda kwekudhumhana kukuru.
Uranus: Mwedzi yeUranus ndeyotevera:
-Ariel Satellite: Yakawanikwa naWilliam Lassel muna 1856. Nharaunda yayo ndeye 1190 makiromita.
-Miranda Satellite: Yakawanikwa naGerard Kuiper muna 1948. Maumbirwo epamusoro akasiyana nemamwe mapuraneti nemwedzi.