KUSVIRA KWEMAHARA

CHII CHINANGWA CHEMAOKO CHETE?
Pfungwa yezvakanaka ndeyepamutemo uye inowanzogamuchirwa munharaunda pfungwa inopesana nechinhu kana munhu maererano nehunhu kana hunhu hunhu. Kutsanangura uyu pfungwa musimboti; uwandu hwezvido zvinodzivirirwa nemutemo.

CHII CHINONZI ZVESEVO?

Inosanganisira vanhu vese pane kuita nzanga imwe. Izvi zvinoratidza kuti vanhu vanofanira kupihwa mamwe kodzero nekuti vanhu. Mune mamwe mazwi, chinamato, rudzi, chikadzi, zera, kutenda, kwakabva madzinza, sekuzvidza kodzero dzese dzevanhu kunopihwa kodzero dzese. Iri ndiro rinopindirana 3 basa rakakosha rekodzero dzevanhu. Ava: kudzivirira kusaruramisira, kuchengetedza uye kubatsira avo vanovhenekwa kusaruramisira. Kodzero dzevanhu; Ndidzo kodzero dzakasarudzika idzo vanhu uye dzavanofanirwa kuve nadzo kubva vachinge vazvarwa uye kodzero dzinogona kuchengetedzwa nevanhu nevamwe nevamwe.
Kodzero dzevanhu dzinotaura mamiriro ezvinhu anodiwa kuchengetedza hunhu hwevanhu uye kukosha kwevanhu uye kurarama sevanhu. Kodzero dzevanhu; zvematongerwo enyika, zvemutemo, rusununguko, kutenda, kutaurirana, hunhu, kusatambudza, kuva vagari, rusununguko rwekutaura. Pamusoro peizvi kodzero, vane kodzero dzakadai semubairo wakanaka, kutengeserana mubatanidzwa, hutano hutano, hupenyu hwakafanira, kuzvishandura uye kusasarura. Kodzero dzevanhu dzakakosha dzinosanganisira kurambidzwa kushungurudzwa uye kurwadziswa uye kurambidzwa kusarudza. Kodzero dzakadai seuranda uye kumanikidzwa kushanda, kodzero yemhuri uye kodzero yehupenyu hwakanaka. Zvinogamuchirwa kuti vanhu vese vakaenzana maererano nekodzero, chiremerera uye vakaenzana murusununguko.
Kodzero dzevanhu dzakakosha kodzero dzese dzakachengetedzwa nemaitiro emutemo. Iwo kodzero dzakakosha kuti vanhu vapone. Kodzero idzi dzinodiwa kuti vanhu vasangane nezvavanoda uye zvevanhu.
Kodzero dzevanhu sehwaro; kurarama, dzidzo, yakachena nharaunda, hutano, dzimba, zvinovaka muviri, kudzivirirwa, kusadzivirirwa pachako, kutaurirana, chitendero nehana, pfuma, kuvanzika, kukumbira mutero, kutaurisa, kodzero uye kodzero yekusarudzwa.
Izvo zvinokwanisika kukamuranisa pfungwa yekodzero dzevanhu muzvikamu zvitatu. Yekutanga izera rekutanga rekodzero dzevanhu. Muchiitiko ichi, kodzero dzevanhu; dzakasununguka uye dzakaenzana. Rudzi ndiko kwatangira humambo. Vanhu vane kodzero dzakasiyana siyana. Iyi kodzero dzechisiko ndidzo; rusununguko, pfuma, chengetedzo. Uye zviito zvinokuvadza chete zvinogona kurambidzwa. Zvekare, munhu wese asina mhosva kusvikira abvumidzwa mhosva. Kuzivikanwa kwenyika, mutauro wenyika, tsika uye kugamuchirwa kwenyika zviri zvakare munguva ino. Chipiri chechipiri kodzero dzevanhu; inovhara kodzero dzehupfumi, hwemagariro uye tsika, kusiyana nechizvarwa chekutanga. Kunyanya, chizvarwa chechipiri chekodzero chakatanga kubuda zvichitevera shanduko ye17 Gumiguru. Kodzero dzechizvarwa chechipiri dzinosanganisira kodzero yemunhu yekuziva remangwana rake. Pakupedzisira, chizvarwa chechitatu chekodzero dzevanhu chinosanganisirwa muEuropean Convention on Human Rights. Sezvo ye1987, European Court of Human Rights yakapihwa kodzero yekushandisa pamunhu. Pamusoro pechizvarwa chekutanga chechizvarwa chechitatu-chekodzero dzevanhu, zvinodikanwa kutarisa kodzero dzakafukidzwa. Kana tikatarisa kodzero idzi, tichigara munzvimbo ine runyararo, tichiona kudzika kwemutemo, tichitonga maererano nezvinodiwa nemutemo wekutonga, kuiswa kwekuenzaniswa pakati pevanhurume nevanhukadzi, kugara munzvimbo ine hutano, kuremekedza kodzero dzevana, mutauro, tsika, sekurwira kodzero dzakadai sekodzero dzekodzero dzakadai sekodzero yekuremekedzwa. rinotaura.
Kutarisa zvinyorwa izvo zvinoumba hwaro hwekodzero dzevanhu; 10 Zvita Kuzivisa Kwenyika Dzese dzeHuman rights kwe1948 uye 04 kunoita Sangano reEuropean Convention on Human Rights yaNovember 1950. Turkey yava dzakasaina chibvumirano xnumx't uye rava chikamu mumhuri mutemo.

KUKOSHESA KWEMARI YEMAHARA KUREFU NEMAHARA

Chimwe chezvinhu chinogona kutaurwa nezve kodzero dzevanhu inyaya dzakanangana nekuganhurirwa kwekodzero dzakakosha uye nerusununguko. Chekutanga pane zvese, hapana kurambidzwa uye shanduko dzinogona kuitwa kurambidzo yekutambudzwa. Pnguva imwecheteyo, nheyo dzeuranda, kumanikidzwa kushanda uye hupamhi hwechirango, kunyangwe pakaitika zvehondo kana nyika yekukurumidzira, inozivikanwa sekodzero dzisina kudziviswa. Panzvimbo panofanira kugadzirwa mipimo, musimboti wemipimo iyi unofanirwa kunge uri pamutemo. Uye kana izvo zvinhu zvinokonzera kurambidzwa zvikanyangarika, kwavo kugumira kunofanira kubviswa.

KUSVIRA KWEMAHARA

Kutevera kuziviswa kwe10 nesangano reUnited Nations General Assembly muna Zvita 1948, 6 Kubvumbi 1969 yakaparura Universal Declaration of Human rights zvichitevera danho reDare reVashandi. Uye chirevo Chirevo chakagadzirwa cheiyo 30 chinyorwa chinovhara kuti munhu wese akaenzana. Muchirevo chechinyorwa chino, inovhara kubatwa kwakaenzana kwevanhu vese zvisinei nemitauro, chitendero, dzinza, mutsara, tsika uye zera.

SANGANO DZINOSHANDISA PAZVINHU ZVINHU

Kodzero dzevanhu dzinoshanda kuitira kuchengetedza, kuchengetedza nekupa kuvapo kwekodzero idzi kumunhu wese. Kutonga kubva kumasangano aya; Amnesty International, Human rights Watch, International Commission of Lawyers, International PEN Club, International Red Cross Dare, International Union Yekodzero Dzevanhu.

Dzevanhu IN TURKEY

Panyaya dzevanhu munyika yedu izvozvo yavewo akataura kuti Constitution of Zimbabwe Turkey muna 1982 ndiko kuremekedza kodzero dzevanhu mutemo. Nhanho yekutanga yakatorwa mushure mekusainwa kwegwaro iri mu1954 5 Zvita 1990 yatora mutemo 3686. Nekudaro, Komisheni inoongorora kodzero dzevanhu yakagadzwa mukati meTGNA. Kana zvasvika ku1991, gurukota reHurumende rakapihwa basa rekutarisisa uye kuronga kodzero dzevanhu. Kana iri 1993, Human Rights Organisation yakagadzwa pamwe neChirevo. Nekudaro, semhedzisiro yekuparadzwa neConstitutional Court, zvakava zvisina basa. Zvino pa1994, Hutongi Mukuru weHuman rights uye Dhigiri repamusoro reHuman rights rights rakateedza kubviswa kwebhodhi iri pa1996.
Pakasvika muna Kubvumbi 1997, iyo Kodzero Dzevanhu Dare Repamusorosoro yakavambwa neHurumende Ministry Circular. Kutevera zviitiko izvi, iyo Kodzero dzevanhu Dzidzo Makore Makumi Komiti muna Chikumi 4, 1998; Yakasimbiswa mushure mekuburitswa kwayo muRusununguko Gazette. Pakazosvika gore ra2000, Kodzero Dzevanhu Dunhu neDunhu maBhodi akagadzwa
Kodzero dzeVanhu Hwematunhu neDunhu maBodi akagadzwa pamwe neChipupuriro chakaburitswa mugwaro Gazeti yomusi waNovember 2 uye akaverengerwa 2000 kuitira kuti ave nechokwadi chekudzivirirwa kweHuman rights uye kudzivirira kutyorwa. Uye zvakare, zvikamu zvekodzero dzevanhu zvakavambwa mukati memasangano akasiyana siyana nemasangano. Kana iri 24218, Hutungamiri hweHuman rights hwakagadzwa mukati memahofisi makuru ebasa mukati mebato repakati reBarakanakan. Muzvinyorwa zvekuwedzera zvemutemo uyu, kuiswa kweSupamendi Bhodhi reHuman rights neHuman rights Advisory Board kwakadzorwa. Kodzero dzeVanhu Kurwiswa Kwaumbwa.