NDIANI MARI WOLLSTONECRAFT

NDIANI MARI WOLLSTONECRAFT

MARY WOLLSTONECRAFT (27 Kubvumbi 1759 – 10 Gunyana 1797) aive munyori wechiRungu zvakare muzivi uye mumiriri wekodzero dzevakadzi. Mwana wechipiri wemhuri yevana vanomwe, Wollstonecraft akaberekerwa muLondon. Baba vake, avo vakasiya basa rokuruka kuenda kurima, vakundikana uye vaiva munhu ane chisimba, vakatanga kunwa doro nekufamba kwenguva.

Sezvo vasikana vakanga vasingaendi kuchikoro panguva iyoyo, akadzidza kurava nokunyora nomushandi wekare. Zvakare, munguva yataurwa, nzira chete yakajairika yekuti vasikana vararame yaive yekuroora uye nekuti Wollstonecraft yakanga isiri pedyo nemamiriro ezvinhu aya, akabva pamba. Uye anofunga kuti kuroorera mari ichipfambi chiri pamutemo.

Munguva iyi, akaita anenge akawanda emabasa aikwanisa kuitwa nevakadzi. Akarerekera kunzvimbo dzakaita sekuperekedza vanhu vakapfuma munzendo dzavo uye zviitiko zvekubhadhara, kuve mutungamiriri, kudzidzisa, kuve mukuru wechikoro, uye kunyora. Nyaya yake refu yainzi Mary nemabhuku ake anonzi "Dzidzo yeVasikana", iyo yaakambobata nayo panguva yake semureri wevana, yakabudiswa neFleet Street inotsikisa imba. Mushure mekubhadhara Wollstonecraft, uyo akapesvedzerwa nepfungwa dzemuparidzi Joseph, semupepeti, akadzidza nekududzira chiItalian, chiGerman nechiFrench kuburikidza nebasa rake.

Akave nemukurumbira pakarepo muna 1770, paakanga ava nemakore makumi matatu nerimwe. Akatumidzwa zita remadunhurirwa rekuti Underskirt Hyena mushure mekutsikisa chinyorwa chinonzi 'Kudzivirirwa kweKodzero dzevanhu' kuna Edmund Burke, uyo anozivikanwa nechimiro chake chekupikisa Chimurenga cheFrance. Akatsikisa bhuku rake, The Justification of the Rights of Women, iro raibva paDeclaration of Human Rights uye raakapedza mumavhiki matanhatu, ndokuripira kuna Talleyrand, mumiriri weFrance. Mubasa iri, akataura kuti vakadzi havana kusimba kupfuura varume nekusikwa kwavo uye kuti vakaenzana, asi chokwadi, mamiriro ezvinhu akadaro anomuka nekuda kwekushaya dzidzo uye kusaziva.

Wollstonecraft, mumwe mukadzi aiva noukama hwakashata naFuseli naGilbert Imlay uye aiva nemwanasikana wokuImlay, akaroorwa naWilliam Godwin, waakasangana naye kupfurikidza nomuparidzi wake, muna 1775. Zvisinei, akazofa makore maviri gare gare, mazuva gumi pashure pokuberekwa kwomwanasikana wake wechipiri. Rufu rwake rwakasiya zvinyorwa zvakawanda zvisina kupera shure. Mwanasikana wake wechipiri, uyo munhu wose anoziva saMary Shelley, akafa nguva pfupi mushure mokuberekwa kwake; Mary Wollstonecraft Godwin akateverawo nzira yaamai vake yekuve munyori uye akaburitsa Frankenstein.

Gore mushure mekufa kwaWollstonecraft, akaburitsa nhoroondo yemukadzi wake, Wollstonecraft. Kunyangwe zvikaitika nousina chinangwa, mukurumbira waWollstonecraft wakakuvadzwa nekuda kweiyi biography, asi nekumuka kwemasangano echikadzi pakutanga kwezana ramakumi maviri, maonero akasimudzirwa nemunyori akamukazve ndokutanga kuwana kukosha. Kunyanya, kushoropodza kwake kuenzana kwevakadzi uye yechinyakare pfungwa yechikadzi yave kuwedzera kukosha. Parizvino, inoonekwa seimwe yemakona emakona mukuumbwa kwevakadzi femu uye pakati pevakavamba.

Kana tichitarisa pfungwa dzemunyori, zvinokwanisika kutaura kuti ane pfungwa dzinogona kuvakirwa pahunhu hwevanhu hwakananga kuenzana nekutenda kwakasununguka kunobva pakujekeswa. Anopokana kuti anofanirwa kuve nekodzero dzakaenzana muzvimwe zvidzidzo, kunyanya mudzidzo, zvinova zvinoenderana nepfungwa yehunhu. Mumabasa ake, anopa nzvimbo yemusha senharaunda uye nharaunda yekudyidzana.

MABHUKU

Pfungwa Dzidzo yeVasikana
Kururamiswa kwekodzero dzevakadzi
Nhoroondo uye Hunhu Maonero eiyo French Revolution