Albert Einstein

Uhlu Lokuphakathi

U-Albert Einstein wazalwa ngoMashi 1879, 14. Ungudokotela wesayensi waseJalimane odabuka kumaJuda. NgoJuni 1880 umndeni wakhe wathuthela eMunich. Ubaba wakhe uHermann nomfowabo u-Yakop basungula inkampani yobunjiniyela kagesi. U-Einstein wayephila impilo ejwayelekile yobuntwana. Ngo-1884 wathatha izifundo ezizimele zemfundo yakhe kwathi ngo-1885 wathatha izifundo ze-violin. Kulesi sihloko, sizozama ukunikeza imininingwane mayelana nokuthi isazi semfundiso yenkolo esidumile senzani nokuthi yaphila kanjani impilo yayo.

Ngubani u-Albert Einstein?

Igama elithi Albert Einstein alihlukile kulabo abangahilelekile kwisayensi. U-Albert Einstein, oqale wazibonakalisa eyisicefe ngokushaya i-athomu yize ayecabanga ukuthi uyindali, wayenobuntwana bokungabandakanywa kothisha bakhe ebuthweni bakhe kanye nobuvila. Wayenobunzima nobunzima obuningi emhlabeni wakhe kuze kube yilapho kufinyeleleka kubuhlakani bakhe. Wayengasithandi nhlobo isikole futhi aziqondisa ngokuphelele. U-Einstein wazalwa ngonyaka we-1879 eningizimu yeJalimane. U-Einstein uthathwa njengeyisazi semvelo sokuqala ukuqonda inani le-quantum physics.

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Wayisebenzisa ukugqoka amandla futhi wachaza isithombe esisetshenziswayo lapha. Lezi zifundo zashicilelwa ephephabhukwini ngo-1905. Kwindatshana yakhe yesithathu, wabeka izisekelo zemfundiso yenkolo yokuhlobana. Kamuva, u-Einstein waziwa njengesazi semfundiso yenkolo kunazo zonke sangekhulu lama-3 futhi waqala umbono wakhe wokuphindana. Unikele kakhulu emikhakheni yama-mechanics wezibalo, we-quantum mechanics ne-cosmology. U-Einstein, owaba negalelo elikhulu kwisayensi yanamuhla, wethula isikhathi sakhe nokuxhomekeka kwesikhala kusuka ezifundweni zakhe ze-physics ngombono wokuhlobana. Ngo-20, u-Einstein waqala ukusebenza njengothisha e-University of Zurich, futhi ngokushesha waba yiprofesa lapho. Amagalelo akhe ku-theorytical physics abengaphikiswa, futhi u-Einstein waklonyeliswa ngomklomelo kaNobel kuPhysics ngokufeza kwakhe empilweni.

Impilo ka-Albert Einstein

Impilo ka-Albert Einstein ilele eqinisweni lokuthi ubuntwana obuhehayo, ubusha obuhlukile, umcabango omangalisayo futhi omuhle kakhulu. Yize engazange athokoze ngalesi sikole, u-Enstein, owathola amamaki aphezulu futhi owokuqala ekilasini lakhe ezikhathini eziningi, wazinza e-Italy ngo-1894 ngemuva kokuqothuka komndeni wakhe. U-Einstein waya esikhungweni lapho aqhubeka khona nezifundo zakhe eSwitzerland. Wabona ukuthi wayengeke akwazi ukuba ngunjiniyela kagesi njengoba uyise afisa, kwathi ngemuva kweminyaka emibili waqhubeka nezifundo zakhe eSwitzerland Federal Polytechnic Institute ukuze abe uthisha weMathematics kanye nePhysics. U-Albert Einstein weza phambili nezifundo zakhe futhi wayenguprofesa emanyuvesi.

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Lapho iNational Socialist Party iqala ukubusa eJalimane ngo-1933 futhi bengavunyelwe ukusebenza, wabhala incwadi eya kuMustafa Kemal Atatürk egameni lososayensi abangu-40, ebacela ukuba baqhubeke nomsebenzi wabo eTurkey. Lesi sikhathi samnika ithuba lokusebenza e-Istanbul University. U-Einstein wanikezwa isikhundla sokuba uNdunankulu wakwa-Israyeli, kodwa u-Einstein akazange asamukele. Ngo-1945, wabhalela uRoosevelt incwadi futhi wathi kungenziwa izikhali zenuzi.

Ezwakalisa ukuzisola kwakhe okukhulu ngokudala nokusetshenziswa kwezikhali zenuzi, u-Einstein wakhonza ekomitini laseBrandeis University ngo-1948. Umsebenzi wokugcina owenziwa u-Einstein, owashona ngenxa yokopha ngaphakathi ngo-April 18, 1955, awuzange uqedwe. Ngemva kokushona kwakhe, udokotela owahlola isidumbu sakhe, uThomas Stoltz Harvey, wakubona ukungahambi kahle kwengqondo yakhe. Ocwaningweni olwenziwa ebuchosheni buka-Einstein, kwaphawulwa ukuthi babujike ngamaphesenti angu-73 ukudlula obabantu abavamile.

Izingeniso ze-Albert Einstein

Ukukubeka kalula, phakathi kokutholwe ngu-Albert Einstein, okuhamba phambili kuhlale kuyiTheory of Special Relativity. Ngaphezu kwale thiyori, eyaziwa nangokuthi inkolelo-mbono yokuhlobana, u-Einstein uphinde wathola ithiyori yokuhlobana okujwayelekile, eyaziwa nangokuthi ithiyori yejiyomethri yamandla adonsela phansi. Uphinde wathola izinto ezitholakala ngebhalansi yamandla amakhulu, ukunyakaza kwe-Brownian kanye nefiziksi yezibalo, umphumela wesithombe kagesi, izibalo ze-Einstein kanye ne-quantum physics, kanye nomgomo wokungaqiniseki.

Ecekela phansi umqondo kaNewton wesikhathi esiphelele, esifana nawo wonke umuntu futhi sisebenza ngendlela efanayo kuzo zonke izindawo, u-Einstein wathi imiqondo yebanga nesikhathi ingashintsha kuye ngombukeli. U-Einstein, owabeka phambili inkolelo-mbono yokuhlobana okujwayelekile kanye nethiyori yejometri yamandla adonsela phansi, ubonisa ukuthi kungenzeka ukubala indawo nesikhathi.

U-Einstein, owabeka izisekelo zesayensi yanamuhla e-2 ngefomula E = mc1905, uqedele umklomelo kaNobel kwi-physics ngezifundo zakhe zethiyori ngomthelela wethonya lezithombe ku-1921. Engagculisekile kakhulu ngamakhabethe akhiqizwa ngesikhathi sakhe, u-Einstein wanquma ukwenza isiqandisi esasebenza ngaphandle kukagesi lapho ethola ukuthi umndeni ushonile eBerlin ngenxa yokuqandeka okungalungile. Kepha ubunzima bezezimali bumfake enkingeni. Uma ucabanga ngalezi, empeleni, isizathu sokudabuka kuka-Einstein emsebenzini wamabhomu e-athomu siyacatshangelwa.